Ida Husted Harper

Known for:  suffrage activism, especially writing articles, pamphlets, and books; official biographer of Susan B. Anthony and author of the last two of six volumes of the History of Woman Suffrage Occupation:  journalist, writer Religion:   UnitarianDates:  February 18, 1851 – March 14, 1931Also Known As: Ida Husted Background, Family Mother: Cassandra Stoddard HustedFather: John Arthur Husted, saddler Education Public schools in IndianaOne year at Indiana UniversityStanford University, did not graduate Marriage, Children Husband: Thomas Winans Harper (married December 28, 1871, divorced February 10, 1890; attorney)Child: Winnifred Harper Cooley, became a journalist Ida Husted Harper Biography Ida Husted was born in Fairfield, Indiana. The family moved to Muncie for the better schools there, when Ida was 10. She attended public schools through high school.  In 1868, she entered Indiana University with the standing of a sophomore, leaving after just a year for a job as a high school principal in Peru, Indiana. She was married in December 1871, to Thomas Winans Harper, a Civil War veteran and attorney.  They moved to Terre Haute. For many years, he was chief counsel for the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen, the union headed by Eugene V. Debs. Harper and Debs were close colleagues and friends. Writing Career Ida Husted Harper began writing secretly for Terre Haute newspapers, sending her articles in under a male pseudonym at first.  Eventually, she came to publish them under her own name, and for twelve years had a column in the Terre Haute Saturday Evening Mail called â€Å"A Woman’s Opinion.† She was paid for her writing; her husband disapproved. She also wrote for the newspaper of the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen (BLF), and from 1884 to 1893 was editor of that paper’s Woman’s Department. In 1887, Ida Husted Harper became the secretary of the Indiana woman suffrage society.  In this work, she organized conventions in every Congressional district in the state. On Her Own In February 1890, she divorced her husband, then became editor in chief of the Terre Haute Daily News.  She left just three months later, after leading the paper successfully through an election campaign.  She moved to Indianapolis to be with her daughter Winnifred, who was a student in that city at the Girls’ Classical School.  She continued contributing to the BLF magazine and also began writing for the Indianapolis News. When Winnifred Harper moved to California in 1893 to begin studies at Stanford University, Ida Husted Harper accompanied her, and also enrolled in classes at Stanford. Woman Suffrage Writer In California, Susan B. Anthony put Ida Husted Harper in charge of press relations for the 1896 California woman suffrage campaign, under the auspices of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA).  She began helping Anthony write speeches and articles.   After the defeat of the California suffrage effort, Anthony asked Harper to help her with her memoirs.  Harper moved to Rochester to Anthony’s home there, going through her many papers and other records. In 1898, Harper published two volumes of the Life of Susan B. Anthony. (A third volume was published in 1908, after Anthony’s death.) The following year Harper accompanied Anthony and others to London, as a delegate to the International Council of Women. She attended the Berlin meeting in 1904, and became a regular attendee of those meetings and also of the International Suffrage Alliance.  She served as chair of the International Council of Women’s press committee from 1899 to 1902. From 1899 to 1903, Harper was editor of a woman’s column in the New York Sunday Sun.  She also worked on a followup to the three-volume History of Woman Suffrage; with Susan B. Anthony, she published volume 4 in 1902.  Susan B. Anthony died in 1906; Harper published the third volume of Anthony’s biography in 1908.   From 1909 to 1913 she edited a woman’s page in Harper’s Bazaar.  She chaired the National Press Bureau of the NAWSA in New York City, a job for which she placed articles in many newspapers and magazines. She toured as a lecturer and traveled to Washington to testify to Congress several times.  She also published many of her own articles for newspapers in major cities. The Final Suffrage Push In 1916, Ida Husted Harper became part of the final push for woman suffrage.  Miriam Leslie had left a bequest to NAWSA that established the Leslie Bureau of Suffrage Education.  Carrie Chapman Catt invited Harper to be in charge of that effort.  Harper moved to Washington for the job, and from 1916 to 1919, she wrote many articles and pamphlets advocating woman suffrage, and also wrote letters to many newspapers, in a campaign to influence public opinion in favor of a national suffrage amendment. In 1918, as she saw that victory was possibly near, she opposed the entrance of a large black women’s organization into the NAWSA, fearing that would lose the support of legislators in the southern states. That same year, she began preparing volumes 5 and 6 of the History of Woman Suffrage, covering 1900 to victory, which came in 1920.  The two volumes were published in 1922. Later Life She stayed on in Washington, residing at the American Association of University Women.  She died of a cerebral hemorrhage in Washington in 1931, and her ashes were buried in Muncie. Ida Husted Harper’s life and work are documented in many books about the suffrage movement.

Chemosh Ancient God of Moabites

Chemosh was the national deity of the Moabites whose name most likely meant destroyer, subduer, or fish god.  While he is most readily associated with the Moabites, according to Judges 11:24 he seems to have been the national deity of the Ammonites as well.  His presence in the Old Testament world was well known, as his cult was imported to Jerusalem by King Solomon (1 Kings 11:7).  The Hebrew scorn for his worship was evident in a curse from the scriptures:  the abomination of Moab.  King Josiah destroyed the Israelite branch of the cult (2 Kings 23).  Ã‚   Evidence About Chemosh Information on Chemosh is scarce, although archaeology and text can render a clearer picture of the deity.  In 1868, an archaeological find at Dibon provided scholars with more clues to the nature of Chemosh.  The find, known as the Moabite Stone or Mesha Stele, was a monument bearing an inscription commemorating the c. 860 B.C. endeavors of King Mesha to overthrow the Israelite dominion of Moab.  The vassalage had existed since the reign of David (2 Samuel 8:2), but the Moabites revolted upon the death of Ahab. Moabite Stone (Mesha Stele) The Moabite Stone is a priceless source of information concerning Chemosh.  Within the text, the inscriber mentions Chemosh twelve times.  He also names Mesha as the son of Chemosh.  Mesha made it clear that he understood Chemoshs anger and the reason he allowed the Moabites to fall under the rule of Israel.  The high place on which Mesha oriented the stone was dedicated to Chemosh as well.  In summary, Mesha realized that Chemosh waited to restore Moab in his day, for which Mesha was grateful to Chemosh.  Ã‚   Blood Sacrifice for Chemosh Chemosh seems to have also had a taste for blood.  In 2 Kings 3:27 we find that human sacrifice was part of the rites of Chemosh.  This practice, while gruesome, was certainly not unique to the Moabites, as such rites were commonplace in the various Canaanite religious cults, including those of the Baals and Moloch.  Mythologists and other scholars suggest that such activity may be due to the fact the Chemosh and other Canaanite gods such as the Baals, Moloch, Thammuz, and Baalzebub were all personifications of the sun or the suns rays.  They represented the fierce, inescapable, and often consuming heat of the summer sun (a necessary but deadly element in life; analogs may be found in Aztec sun worship).  Ã‚   Synthesis of Semitic Gods As the subtext, Chemosh and the Moabite Stone seem to reveal something of the nature of religion in Semitic regions of the period.  Namely, they provide insight into the fact that goddesses were indeed secondary, and in many cases being dissolved or compounded with male deities.  This may be seen in the Moabite Stone inscriptions where Chemosh is also referred to as Asthor-Chemosh.  Such synthesis reveals the masculinization of Ashtoreth, a Canaanite goddess worshiped by Moabites and other Semitic peoples.  Biblical scholars have also noted that Chemoshs role in the Moabite Stone inscription is analogous to that of Yahweh in the book of Kings.  Thus, it would seem that Semitic regard for respective national deities operated similarly from region to region.   Sources Bible.  (NIV Trans.)  Grand Rapids:  Zondervan, 1991.Chavel, Charles B.  Davids War Against the Ammonites:  A Note on Biblical Exegesis. The Jewish Quarterly Review 30.3 (January 1940):  257-61.Easton, Thomas.   The Illustrated Bible Dictionary.  Thomas Nelson, 1897.Emerton, J.A.  The Value of the Moabite Stone as an Historical Source.  Vetus Testamentum  Ã‚  52.4 (October 2002):  483-92.Hanson, K.C.  K.C. Hanson Collection of West Semitic Documents.The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia.Olcott, William Tyler.  Sun Lore of All Ages.  New York:  G.P. Putnams, 1911.Sayce, A.H.  Polytheism in Primitive Israel.  The Jewish Quarterly Review 2.1 (October  1889):  25-36.

A Literary Analysis of The Reader By Bernhard Schlink Free Essay Example, 2250 words

III. Hanna’s Notorious Past Hanna turns out not to be as innocent as she would suggest—even though we already know that Hanna is an utterly daring, witty, wise and capricious soul. Of course, there are some factual errors that must be cleared up, in analyzing The Reader. One of those factual errors is that actually, most women would not have been SS guards—in fact, none of them would be, except in the case of auxiliary SS guards. Auxiliary SS guards were assistants but not on par with actual SS guards. Also, the amount of these were relatively few in number. According to Patricia Heberer of the Advanced Holocaust Studies at the U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum, â€Å"Women could not be members of the SS Proper†¦. [They] were technically termed†¦[female SS attendants] and were†¦an auxiliary group of SS†¦a minority in the concentration camp world†¦[thusly] misrepresent[ing] the historical role of women in SS posts†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 3 Another difficulty that we have in parsing Hanna’s notorious past is the fact that this novel focuses on is the suffering of Germans in terms of coming to grips with what the Nazis had done. We will write a custom essay sample on A Literary Analysis of The Reader By Bernhard Schlink or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now While we know that Michael has severe moral hang-ups with the Nazi occupation, Hanna maintains at the trial that she was just doing her job—but she also maintains that she did not murder anyone, she was just following orders. And, indeed, even though she did not murder anyone—Schlink’s book still does a delicate balancing act between trying to drudge up empathy for the Germans without trying to sound too schmaltzy or offensive. â€Å"Crownshaw argues for a more nuanced reading of Bernhard Schlinks novel as a text that problematizes the moral binaries of perpetrator and victim in a useful and productive fashion†¦how [does one] best represent German suffering in a balanced manner†¦without relativizing [Jewish suffering] or sentimentalizing German victimhood. †4 So, yes—on the one hand, in making the readers of The Reader feel sorry for the Germans who were against the Nazis, one must also keep in mind that those same Germans had the power to do something about the injustices they saw happening in their communities. Thus, Germans who were sympathetic to the Nazi government cause although they were not directly involved, still implicates them on a moral level to the crimes committed by the Nazis. Hanna, however, is definitely a character whom we believe was just doing a job—being a guard. The prosecutor and the witnesses take advantage of this fact and accuse Hanna of having the order signed for the building to be burned, with Jewish men, women, and children inside.

The Mind And Machines, An Oxymoron - 1365 Words

Minds and Machines, an oxymoron? Can machines think? This question, addressed by Descartes and Turing, leads to discussion of how thought is constructed and what is the mind made of. At the heart of the debate, there is a schism between Cartesian dualism and functionalism. Language is a method considered by both sides as evidence of thought and provides the test for intelligence. This essay will look at Descartes’ objections and Turing’s arguments for whether machine can ever think. This essay will argue that Turing’s, and the functionalist, view is correct. It questions whether Turing’s test provides sufficient evidence of machine intelligence, and uses Searle’s Chinese room to explain why intentionality matters. Functionalism and†¦show more content†¦107). This is influential in Descartes’s beliefs and scepticism towards machines thinking. On the other hand, Turing has a more functionalist view of the human mind. This philosophy believes different types of substances could be considered a mind, if it can perform the functional role similar to that of the human mind (Study guide, p. 112). Despite these differences, both consider the use of a language test to prove machine intelligence. Turing believes that a computer has the potential to pass the test, and proposed any machine that can pass his Turing test can think. On the other hand, Descartes thought it was impossible for a machine to pass this test (Study guide, p. 105) Descartes’ objections to machines thinking Descartes thought that a machine would not be able to communicate like a human. He argues that a machine engaging in conversation with a human would be incapable of providing meaningful answers (Study guide, p. 105). Descartes would have no conception of modern computer and programming in the 17th century. Machines simply cannot engage with language like humans can and this reflects machines not being to understand language directed to it. One major fault with his premise is that it assumes thought manifests itself in human language. He thought they would be incapable the correct assortment of words for any given conversation (Study guide, p. 105). This test would mean that animals cannot think, or a human raised away from human society

Bottled Water And Drinking Water - 757 Words

Americans utilize a great deal of water, in fact, the average American uses 90 gallons a day (Henshaw). So it is not surprising America has one of the cleanest water reserves in the world (â€Å"Water Quality†). A surprising statistic, however, is one-third of the American population drinks bottled water on a regular basis when the majority has clean drinking water at home (Olsen). This might be due to the fact that the bottled water industry has promoted itself as a healthier and more portable alternative to tap water. However, the truth is startling as bottled water is only a misleading, expensive, and dangerous gimmick to bring in revenue for large companies. Bottled water is a high revenue business with little to offer its consumers. Americans spent around $11.8 billion dollars on bottled water in 2012 (Boesler). It is surprising to discover that bottled water costs at least 300 times more than tap water (Boesler). Bottled water drinkers might assume this is an adequate price considering marketers convince them it comes from natural springs, but at least 25% of bottled water comes from municipal water supplies (â€Å"Bottled Water†). The company filters the tap water and sells it in misleading packaging at an outrageous price. However, with tap water only $ 0.004 a gallon, Americans can filter their own water and increase the productive opportunities for their money (Boesler). The water bottles’ packaging is not only misleading, it is dangerous. The plastic thatShow MoreRelatedBottled Water And Drinking Water Essay822 Words   |  4 Pagesmany people have many opportunities to drink water, which is the closest and cheapest fluid. We can drink water in two kinds of ways, bottled water and tap water. Some recent articles recommend choosing tap water for several reasons, even though the investigations of the two kinds of water praised bottled water as better water for us than tap water until a little while ago. Which one is better for us? Both bottled water and tap water are the same water just by looking at them; however, each of oneRead MoreBottled Water : The Demand For Bottled Drinking Water835 Words   |  4 Pages NJOKU Bottled Water The demand for bottled drinking water has been growing rapidly since the 1980s, increasing nearly 400% in the last decade according to the Council of Bottled Water Manufacturers, as a result of declining consumer confidence in the safety and quality of municipal water supplies. In response, individuals and businesses are purchasing bottled drinking water for use in their homes and offices. Free of contaminants and government-monitored, bottled waters are derived from protectedRead MoreThe Effects Of Bottled Water On Drinking Water1115 Words   |  5 Pagespeople buying bottled water. My grandfather told me that when he was a boy they drank water from the hose and it was free. I know growing up our household certainly didn’t bother with things like that, so facet water is what we got as well. The costs of groceries these days is expensive, spending extra money on water always seemed like such a waste to me. Now, that being said, some people live in areas where the water isnâ⠂¬â„¢t very clean, and buying bottled water is much safer than drinking the city’sRead MoreDrinking Water Out Of Bottled Water1191 Words   |  5 PagesMost American see bottled water as a necessity, even though bottled water did not exist numerous years ago. Drinking out of a water bottle has become the customary drinking source for most Americans. We have become reliant on plastic waste. Water is life sustaining, so many of us would think that drinking water out of a bottle is harmless. Unfortunately it is not, there have been hints of PET and BPA in the plastic containers we are drinking out of. Both PET and BPA can stimulate sever health consequencesRead MoreBenefits Of Drinking Bottled Water Essay1171 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many benefits of drinking bottled water, but these benefits do not outweigh the costs. Drinking bottled water can have many negative effects on human health, and can be very harmful to the environment. Over the past ten years, the bottled wa ter market has tripled. Every year the market grows ten percent from the previous year. Because the market is continuously growing, the amount of negative impacts of bottled water are also growing. Bottled water has been linked to health defects, illnessesRead MoreDrinking Water Is Safe For Bottled Water1272 Words   |  6 PagesEveryone wants to know which water is safe for them, is it bottled water or tap water? The US drinks more bottled water than any other country across the globe. Not only does the US consume more bottled water, but uses a lot of energy to produce the bottled water. In developing countries, tap water is safe and ‘drinkable’. Bottled water and tap water come from the same sources, but tap water is better than bottled water. Some ways in which tap water is better than bottled water is the cost, environmentalRead MoreDrinking Tap-Water Is Better Than Bottled Water2132 Words   |  9 PagesDrinking Tap-water is better than Bottled Water Bottled water is simply water from some sources that a company has placed in a bottle for resale. It can have minimal processing – as in natural spring or mineral water, or it can be completely filtered and dematerialized which is to remove minerals in the water to nearly pure, and then added minerals back into the water to make it taste better. In these days, â€Å"we drink 15 times more bottled water today than we did in 1976. According to the NRDCRead MoreDrinking Bottled Water Is Not Good For The Environment1006 Words   |  5 Pageson buying bottled water. What they don t know is the difference between bottled and tap water. People buy bottled water because they think it s safer to drink. What they don’t know is that bottled water is bad for the environment. Bottled water manufacturers begin by putting the water into plastic bottles which then is shipped from one part of the world to another and then kept refrigerated before they sell it. Not only that, but p eople around the world are lacking safe drinkable water and are dyingRead More Bottled Water Quality vs Municipal Drinking Water Quality Essay1803 Words   |  8 Pagestap water as we do for bottled water, most people would have a monthly water bill of over $9,000. - -Andrew C. Revkin - The New York Times It is very common for research groups to set up a bottled water taste test. The results are always the same: without a label, there is no obvious difference among any kind of bottled water or even tap water. Yet millions of Americans routinely buy bottled water and re-filter their tap water. The Clean Water Act of 1972 was supposed to ensure all water sourcesRead MoreDrinking Water From Your Sink is Safer Than Bottled Water Essay1099 Words   |  5 PagesFord -- The advertising of bottled water companies often implies that tap water is impure. Is your tap water safe to drink? Some people think that water straight from the faucet could contain chemicals that cause illness and even cancer, but it doesnt. Pesticides and other chemicals do not contaminate drinking water. The Safe Drinking Water Act was passed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to allow state governments to protect the public from water contamination by establishing

Pediatrics Physical Therapy Children With Autism and Down Syndrome

Question: Describe about the Essay on Pediatrics Physical Therapy for Children With Autism and Down Syndrome? Answer: The core signs that signify that a child has autism are difficulties in interaction and communication and a tendency to behave in a restricted and repetitive manner. In this case, Benjamin is having some communication, behavioural and coordination problems that indicate the possibility of him to have autism. First of all, he enjoys staying and playing with his toys alone without any interruption, and he has a diagnosed speech delay. Instead of using words to communicate he uses body language, smiling and crying and very occasionally he babbles. He has avoidance towards anyones physical contact. He is not able to follow instruction and visual prompts. He is not able to keep his toy car on the track or his ball in the basket. He often does some repetitive activities like clapping his hands over his ears or grinding his teeth out of no reason. He kicks his legs whenever he is angry. He has some obsessive practices like always holding something in his hand, playing with the same toy in a same way, etc. He faces a difficulty in standing without support, walks using a push toy and creeps on hands and knees. He is unable to imitate new activities shown by his therapist. He feels problem in sitting still, and there are some problems with his sitting posture. He sits in a w-sitting posture with a posterior pelvic tilt, back and soldiers rounded. He cannot hold his bottle while drinking and is not able to eat himself. As a professional physical therapist, I will say that Benjamin has Autism. By analysing his activities we can observe that he faces some difficulties in communicating with people, he has a problem with sitting, standing and walking, he is unable to follow instructions that are given by others and these are the symptoms of an autistic child. Family centred care is an important part of the treatment of a child with autism. FCC or family centred care plays a role in all aspects starting from assessment throughout the treatment. The FCC practices emerged as the System of Exclusion, and its key factors are 1) The Fight, 2) Roles and restrictions of care and 3) Therapeutic Rapport (Daniels et al., 2012). These three factors of FCC include: Learning about the system of the family and developing the respect for the preferences, culture and system of the family can help to overcome these hardships as everyone in the childs family gets affected by the increased stress and financial problem. Developing proper learning opportunities and teaching strategies for the child and taking regular feedback from the teachers. Developing the communication and managing the behaviour of the child. Involving the members of the family in the therapeutic sessions and their feedback should be taken on a regular basis. The opinion of the family about the child's interests and needs should be taken before starting the therapy (Dabrowska Pisula, 2010). Transcranial direct current stimulation can be an effective intervention strategy for motor development for Benjamin. In this method, an electrical energy of low intensity is applied to the cerebral cortex in order to fluctuate the magnetic fields coming from any external source. A DC is continuously applied through electrodes that are attached directly to the scalp which is just above the selected region of the brain. The excitability of the neurones is altered by this current either positively or negatively which leads to a change of the brain functions. TDCS has been proven successful to improve the communication skill, language skill and behavioural performance of children with autism. In recent days, it is being used as a potential treatment of language skill and speech of young minimally verbal and non-verbal autistic children. However some medical, practical and ethical challenges of these types of interventions are there related to the children (Reaven et al., 2012). An effective home programme for autistic children can be set at home based on some treatment methods by the parents. These types of programmes will help them to understand their children in a better way and will also help to improve the behavioural factors of the children. Relationship Development Intervention is a parent-child programme that mainly gives emphasis to the improvement of the social interactions and emotional responses of the child. RDI programme works on the understanding of a child towards nonverbal clues, social behaviour and an awareness of others emotions (Griffith et al., 2010). Applied Behavioural Analysis is a one-to-one plan that focuses on appreciating the right behaviour and avoiding bad behaviour for encouraging the correct responses. It requires reinforcing the good behaviour, a repetitive and structured teaching. The Floortime is a treatment method that encourages the children to be more interactive through various games and activities. By investing more time, parents can select proper activities for their children and expand their social communication (Daniels et al., 2012). Wraparound is a special programme where autistic children have a one-to-one session with a specialist. Such programmes are conducted at home, school and in other organizations. Parents can make their children participate in such activities (Griffith et al., 2010). As a physical therapist, my role is to work with the child along with his family with the help of certain activities. Improving the participation of the child in various activities of his daily life at home and school by helping him to acquire new motor skills. Development of coordination and stability of posture by some reciprocal play skills such as catching and throwing a ball with another person or copying the activity of someone. Evaluation of the improvement child by the assessment of his functional mobility, postural strength and control, awareness of body and safety, play skills and coordination, motivation, interest and emotional responses and participation in the activities of daily life. Monitoring the improvement of the child, collect data and designing various programmes that will lead to a positive outcome (Dabrowska Pisula, 2010). References: Dabrowska, A., Pisula, E. (2010). Parenting stress and coping styles in mothers and fathers of preà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ school Children With Autism And Down Syndrome.Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,54(3), 266-280. Daniels, A. M., Rosenberg, R. E., Anderson, C., Law, J. K., Marvin, A. R., Law, P. A. (2012). Verification of parent-report of child autism spectrum disorder diagnosis to a web-based autism registry.Journal of autism and developmental disorders,42(2), 257-265. Griffith, G. M., Hastings, R. P., Nash, S., Hill, C. (2010). Using matched groups to explore child behavior problems and maternal well-being in children with Down syndrome and autism.Journal of autism and developmental disorders,40(5), 610-619. Hebert, E. B., Koulouglioti, C. (2010). Parental beliefs about cause and course of their child's autism and outcomes of their beliefs: A review of the literature.Issues in comprehensive pediatric nursing,33(3), 149-163. Mahajan, R., Bernal, M. P., Panzer, R., Whitaker, A., Roberts, W., Handen, B., ... Veenstra-VanderWeele, J. (2012). Clinical practice pathways for evaluation and medication choice for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in autism spectrum disorders.Pediatrics,130(Supplement 2), S125-S138. Reaven, J., Blakeleyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Smith, A., Culhaneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Shelburne, K., Hepburn, S. (2012). Group cognitive behavior therapy for children with highà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ functioning autism spectrum disorders and anxiety: A randomized trial.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry,53(4), 410-419. Speaks, A. (2011). What is autism.Retrieved on November17, 2011. Spek, A. A., Van Ham, N. C., NyklÄ ek, I. (2013). Mindfulness-based therapy in adults with an autism spectrum disorder: a randomized controlled trial.Research in developmental disabilities,34(1), 246-253.

Extra Judicial Killing in Bangladesh free essay sample

The government should publicly order law enforcement agencies to ensure the safety of all those taken Into custody. Joint Forces consisting of the Bangladesh Police, the Rapid Action Battalion (ARAB), and the Border Guards Bangladesh continue to arrest opposition supporters, some of whom are accused of involvement in violent protests before and during the January 5, 2014 elections which were boycotted by opposition parties.Security forces claim that the deaths after arrest occurred during crossfire, which Human Rights Watch as previously documented is used by security forces as a common euphemism to describe what they claim to be shootouts, but which in reality appears to be the killing of people already In detention. We are seeing a frightening pattern of supposed crossfire killings of opposition members landladies, said Brad Adams, Asia director. The Bangladesh government needs to ensure proper control of the security forces and order an independent and credible investigation into these deaths. We will write a custom essay sample on Extra Judicial Killing in Bangladesh or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On January 21 , the State Minister for Home Affairs Cadenzas Khan Kamala said that the Joint Forces were engaged in an operation against terrorists and that none of those Involved In violence before the elections will be spared. More than 150 people died before the polls, the bloodiest In Bangladesh history. Many were ordinary citizens whose vehicles were set on fire by opposition supporters. Human Rights Watch interviews suggest a recent pattern of extrajudicial killings by security forces.Augural Islam, a leader of the Bangladesh Nationalist Partys (BAN) student wing in Satiric district, was killed on January 27, a day after his rest for murder and for taking part in the pre-election violence, a police spokesman said. The police said he died In crossfire when he was leading the police to an opposition hideout. Two members of Jamaica-e-lassos student wing died In similar circumstances in Satiric on January 26. The police said that Babul Koala and Maraud died after receiving wounds during a gunfight a day after they were arrested.The police said that they were leading the Joint Forces to a place where other suspects were hiding when the security forces came under attack. Police said three police officers were injured. Another Jamaica member, Tearful Mohammad Sulfa Islam, was killed In alleged crossfire on January 20, a day after he was arrested. The police said he died while leading Investigators to a place where Jamaica activists were hiding firearms. Killings in custody escalate In each case the police said they only opened fire after coming under attack. Also among those who have died recently are two BAN members accused of Involvement Arabian were both wanted by the police in connection with an attack on the motorcade of ruling party Member of Parliament Cadenzas Nor,on December 4, 2013. According to the police, the attackers killed five people, including four members of the Miami League. The police charged 1,500 people with involvement in the attack and named 14 ringleaders, including Attica Islam Attic and Glam Arabian.According to a relative of Attic, he was taken from his house, along with a cousin, Module Islam, on January 13, 2014, by five or six men who said they were from the detective branch of the police. The police told family members that he was first taken to Delftware police station and then to Tangling district headquarters. Attics body was subsequently discovered by the side of a road on January 20 with a bullet injury to the back of the head. Module Islam is still missing. According to relatives, Glam Arabian was taken away by a large group of men at dawn on January 15.The men wore black uniforms resembling those of the ARAB, but they were not carrying rifles. The ARAB does not have a camp in the area, and denied any knowledge of Rabbis detention when questioned informally through friends and relatives who work for the ARAB. The police also denied knowledge of his whereabouts. Rabbis body was found on January 19 with two bullet wounds to his head and a rope around his neck. A relative who saw his corpse said it was bruised in several places, suggesting he had been tortured.Rabbis wife, Shania Begum, told Human Rights Watch that he should have been put on trial and punished if found guilty. l would even have accepted him being hanged after a proper trial. But what happened to him was murder and I seek Justice from the Bangladesh government, she said. A member of Samaras student wing, Shabbier, described to Human Rights Watch how he was beaten overall times after he was arrested in Dacha in October 2013: Seven to eight people beat me with fists, kicks, and a stick. I was handcuffed and one man held me and another one beat me.He knocked me to the ground, on the spot, there in the police station. The man said he was arrested along with two other men while leaving a mosque. He said the police believed they were a gang, but he said he had never seen the others before. He was released three months later. For most of that time he was held in Kashmir prison, outside Dacha: There were 200 in my cell, most were embers of the 18-party alliance [opposition]. It was so hot, it was suffocating. There were no beds, people slept on the floor.